Answer:
Firmware is basically a set of instructions (such as those found in software) used to operate devices at the hardware level. Firmware is permanently written onto chips that are actually part of each device's electronic circuitry. The firmware instructions tell each device how to perform essential functions, such as starting up and communicating with the rest of the PC so that the OS (operating system) and other apps can use the device. You'll find firmware on chips in most major electronic devices, including video cards, printers, and NICs (network interface cards).
Many PC users are familiar with the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System), which is the firmware chip located on the motherboard of a PC. Although manufacturers generally use the term "BIOS" to refer to a particular firmware chip, the terms "BIOS" and "firmware" are often used interchangeably. For example, you may notice that the documentation for your new video card refers to the "video BIOS," which is the firmware chip on your video card. |